Data Sharing and Transparency Policy

1.0 Policy Statement

Jinnah Business Review (JBR) is committed to promoting transparency, reproducibility, and the advancement of knowledge in the field of management sciences. In line with the principles of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) and best practices in scholarly publishing, this policy encourages the sharing of research data that underpins the findings published in our journal. We believe that data sharing fosters collaboration, enables verification, and maximizes the value of research.

2.0 Scope

This policy applies to all manuscripts submitted to JBR that report primary empirical research, including, but not limited to, studies involving:

a) Quantitative data (e.g., survey data, experimental data, financial data, econometric analyses).

b) Qualitative data (e.g., interview transcripts, focus group recordings, case study notes).

c) Code used for data cleaning, analysis, or simulation (e.g., Stata, R, Python scripts).

3.0 Data Sharing Expectations

JBR operates on a "Share upon Reasonable Request" model, with a strong preference for deposition in a public repository.

a) Preferred Method: Deposition in a Trusted Repository

Authors are strongly encouraged to deposit their data in a recognized, discipline-specific, or general-purpose data repository that provides a persistent identifier (e.g., DOI, Handle) and ensures long-term preservation. Examples include:

I. General: Harvard Dataverse, Zenodo, Figshare, Open Science Framework (OSF).

II. Social Sciences: ICPSR, UK Data Service.

III. Business & Economics: Mendeley Data, RePEc.

b) Alternative Method: Data Availability Statement

If data cannot be made publicly available in a repository at the time of publication, authors must include a Data Availability Statement in their manuscript. This statement must clearly explain why the data are not publicly available and under what conditions, if any, the data can be accessed. The statement must be placed in the article, immediately following the main text and before the reference list.

4.0 Data Availability Statement (DAS) Requirements

The Data Availability Statement (DAS) is mandatory for all empirical articles. It must be one of the following types or a clear combination thereof:

a) For Publicly Available Data:

I. Template: "The data that support the findings of this study are openly available in [Repository Name] at [URL/DOI], reference number [Number]."

b) For Data Available on Request:

I. Template: "The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author, [Initials], upon reasonable request."

II. Justification Required: Authors must provide a compelling reason in the DAS for not depositing data in a public repository (e.g., confidentiality, containing sensitive commercial or personal information).

c) For Third-Party Data:

I. Template: "The data that support the findings of this study were derived from the following resources available in the public domain: [Resource Name, URL/DOI]. The analyzed dataset is available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request."

d) For Ethically Restricted Data:

I. Template: "Due to ethical concerns and confidentiality agreements supporting this study, the raw data are not publicly available. Researchers with qualified requests for data may contact the corresponding author or the institutional ethics committee at [Email]."

5.0 Data Citation

When data are deposited in a repository, authors must cite the dataset in their reference list, just as they would cite a journal article. This gives proper credit to the data creators and enables tracking of data reuse.

a) Example: Author, A. (Year). Title of dataset (Version) [Data set]. Publisher. DOI/URL

6.0 Ethical and Legal Considerations

JBR expects authors to adhere to the highest ethical standards regarding data sharing.

a) Confidentiality and Anonymization: For data involving human subjects, authors must ensure that data sharing complies with the informed consent obtained from participants and all applicable data protection regulations (e.g., GDPR). All data must be fully anonymized to protect the identities of individuals and organizations before being shared.

b) Licensing: Authors are encouraged to assign an open license (e.g., CC0, CC-BY) to their data to clarify the terms of reuse.

c) Proprietary Data: If the research uses proprietary or licensed data from a third party, authors must clearly state this in the Data Availability Statement, provide a full citation for the proprietary source, and confirm that their use of the data is permitted by the license agreement.

7.0 Compliance and Enforcement

Compliance with this policy is a requirement for publication in JBR.

a) At Submission: Authors will be required to confirm that they have complied with this policy during the manuscript submission process.

b) During Review: The Data Availability Statement will be assessed by editors and reviewers. Manuscripts lacking a sufficient DAS or a credible justification for restricting access may be returned or rejected.

c) Post-Publication: In cases where a reader's reasonable request for data is not fulfilled by the authors without a valid, pre-stated reason, JBR reserves the right to contact the authors' institutions and/or issue a formal Expression of Concern or Retraction of the article, in line with COPE guidelines.

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This policy has been developed in accordance with the core practices and guidelines of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE). JBR endorses the FAIR Guiding Principles for scientific data management and stewardship (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable).